Incubator.



No. 798,697. PATENTED SEPT. 5, 1905. F. G. PERKINS.

INGUBATOR.

APPLIOATION FILED DEC. 31, 1904.

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SHEET 2.

PATBNTED SEPT. 5, 1905.

4SHEETS- F. C. PERKINS. INCUBATOR.

APPLICATION FILED 131:0. a1, 1904.

No. 798,697. PATENTED SEPT. 5, 1905. F. G. PERKINS.

INGUBATOR.

APPLICATION FILED DEC 31, 190i,

@2045 CTQ/MQM PATENTED SEPT. 5, 1905.

F. G, PERKINS.

INCUBATOR.

uyucnmnnwn DEO.31, 1904.

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Q m 1 k 1 muliw a mum co now-unusual. msmowx 0 cv FRANK CLINTON PERKINS,OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

INCUBATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 5, 190 5.

Application tiled December 31,1904. Serial No. 239,173.

Be it known that l, FRANK tlhm'roy Punprovements in Incubators, of whichthe folments.

lowing is a specilication.

This mvention relates to an incubator wlnch is more particularlydesigned for hatching eggs continuously on a large scale.

The objects of this invention are to produce an incubator of thischaracter in which the egg-trays are moved intermittently from the timethey enter the machine through a succession of compartments in each ofwhich the temperature is regulated to suit the requirements for hatchingthe eggs at that particular time; to provide improved means wherey bythe are automaticallyand periodically turned; to provide means forconveniently and expeditiously inspecting the eggs at the proper time;to so construct the incubator that the same can be built in sections,the number of which can be varied to suit the desired capacity of themachine, and to improve the incubator in several details ofconstruction.

in the accompanying drawings, consisting of four sheets, Figure l is avertical longitudinal section of the front end of the machine. .Fig. 2 asimilar view of the rear end of the machine.

spectively. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section in line 5 5, 1. Fig. 6 is adiagrammatic view showing a plurality of inciibator-sections assembledaccording to my invention. Fig. 7 is a fragmentary section of one of theeggtrays on an enlarged scale. Fig. 8 is a vertical transverse sectionshowing a modilied construction of my improved incubator. Fig. 9 is avertical longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 10 is a cross-sectionshowing a modilication of the means for heating the incubator.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout theseveral views.

in its general organization my improved Figs. and i are verticalcrosssections m lines 3 and H, Figs. 1 and 2, re

incubator comprises an inclosingcasing, which is divided into a numberof compartments in each of which the egg-trays are confined abouttwenty-four hours, and a carrier whereby the trays are successivelyadvanced from one compartment to another.

in the preferred form of the incubator, as shown in Figs. 1 to 6, twolongitudinal series of incubating-chambers are employed, one

series being arranged on top of the other, and

3 an endless conveyor or carrier is employed,

the upper part of which moves the trays successively in one directionthrough the upper series of compartments, while the lower part thereofcarries the trays in the opposite direction through the lower series ofcompart- The upper series of compartmentsis constructed in the form ofseparable sections and consists of a frontend or receiving-section A, arear end section B, and a plurality of intermediate sections C 1.), andthe lower series is likewise constructed in the form of sections whichare counterparts of those of the upper series and consist of a front ordischargingsection Aha rear section B, and a plurality of internnnliatesections U1). Each of the front end sections A A is provided with anouteror front end wall u, whichis closed, an inner or rear end wall H,which has a central opening, a front side wall 1/", having openingswhich are normally closed by doors a, a vertical fresh-air-inlet conduitlG, formed between the inner and outer walls 1' w on the rear side ofthis section, ahorizontal air-distributeonduit F, connected at one endwith the top of the inlet-conduit and formed between an imperforate toppartition or wall f of this section and a perforated partitionf",arranged below the top, and a perforated horizontal bottom 7, arrangedabove the lower end of this section and forming an outlet-conduit (i forthis chamber for the foul air, which outlet-conduit is closed at itsrear side and opens into the atmosphere at its front side. The outerwall of the frcsh-airdnlet conduit ter- 1 minates at its lower end abovethe lower end of the section, so as to form an air-inlet port or openingFor the purpose of enabling the air-supply to be regulated the capacityof this inlet-conduit is varied, preferably by hinging the outer wall vat its upper end to this section. This permits the lower end of thiswall to be moved laterally, more or less, for increasing or decreasingthe supply of air, as required. The air-regulating valve or damper,which is thus formed by the hinged wall v, may be held in its adjustedposition by any suitable means, that shown in the drawings consisting ofa segment c, arranged on the section and receiving a socket w on thewall (3 and a set-screw 1:", arranged on the socket and bearing againstthe segment, as shown in Figs. 3, a, and

through the port L"! at the lower end of the inlet-conduit passesupwardly through the same and from the upper end thereof into The freshair entering the distributing-conduit, th'ence downwardly through theperforated lower wall thereof into the incubating-chamber of thesection, thence through the perforated bottom into the outlet-conduit,and thence to the atmosphere, by which means fresh air is constantlysupplied to this chamber. Within the inletconduit a continuous heater isarranged, con sisting, for instance, of a coil H, through which hotwater is circulated and which heats the incoming air as the same passesupwardly through the inlet-conduit. As the air passes from thedistributing-conduit into the upper part of the incubating-chamber thesame is further heated by a plurality of electric lamps I or otherheater arranged in this part of the chamber. These lamps are connectedwith an electric generator the circuit of which contains a thermostaticswitch 6, which is also arranged in the upper part of this chamber, asshown in Figs. 1 and 6. This switch is so adjusted that when thetemperature of this chamber exceeds a certain degree the electriccircuit of the lamps in the same will be broken, thereby causing theheating effect of'these lamps to be arrested until the temperature hasagain been lowered to the required extent, when the thermostatic switchagain reestablishes the electric circuit containing the lamps l andcauses heating of the chamber to be resumed. By dividing the heatingsystem so that the heat is furnished partly by a continuous heater, suchas the hot-water coil H, and partly by other heaters which arethermostatically controlled, such as the lamps in the upper part of theincubating-chamber, it is possible to control the temperature within thechamber with great nicety and without danger of at any time undulycooling the eggs, as would be liable to occur if all of the lamps wereextinguished or illuminated at one time.

When the incubator is installed in a locality where an electric currentis not available from a general supply, it is preferable to heat theincubator by a combination of the electric-lamp system and the hot-watersystem, (shown in Figs. 1 to 6,) as follows: 2' represents a dynamo ofany suitable construction which generates an electric current and whichis connected in multiple with the groups or sets of lamps I andthermostatic switches a" in the several incuhating-chambers. .2represents an internal-combustion engine having its crank-shaftoperatively connected with the dynamo for driving the same. coil H,arranged in the air-inlets of the several incubating-chambers, has itsupper and lower ends connected, respectively, with the upper and lowerends of the water-jacket .2

which surrounds the cylinder of the engine.

While the power of the engine is driving the dynamo for illuminating thelamps and heating the air in the incubating-chambers, the water in thejacket is heated by the explosions and caused to circulate through thelet of each chamber.

The heatingjacket and coil for heating the air in the in' lets, therebyutilizing the heat developed by the engine for warming the incubatorinstead of Wasting the same.

For the purpose of causing the air to enter and leave uniformlythroughout the incubating-chambers and also to protect the eggs againstdrafts a screen or filter is preferably arranged in the horizontal airinlet and out- Each of these screens preferably consists of a sheet 9,of burlap or other loosely woven or porous fabric, arranged centrallywithin the respective air inlet or outlet conduit F G and secured to aframe which is removably arranged in said conduit, as shown in Figs. 1,2, 3, and 4.

The opening in the rear end wall of each chamber A A is practicallyclosed by a yielding curtain or shutter, which consists, preferably, oftwo flexible flaps or sections J J, which engage each other at theiropposing curved ends, while their opposite ends are secured,respectively, to the adjacent upper and lower edges of the rear end Wallof said chamber.

Each of the intermediate incubator-sections is constructed substantiallylike the front sections, and the same letters of reference are thereforeused to indicate like parts. In the intermediate sections, however, nofront end walls are employed, such as are present on the front ends ofthe front sections. The front ends of the air-inlet and distributingconduits of the intermediate sections are closed by abutting this end ofeach intermediate section against the rear end wall of the section infront of the same, as shown in Figs. 1, 5, and 6. Each of the rearincubator-sections is also constructed substantially like the frontsections, theessential differences being that it has a rear wall 5,which closes the rear end of the same, but no front end wall, the frontends of the air inlet, distributing, and outlet conduits of the samebeing closed by abutting the front end of this section against the rearend wall of the intermediate section in front of the same, as shown inFig. 2. The front side walls of the rear sections B B are provided withopenings ing which are normally closed by doors 6'. The rear sectionsare unprovided with any shutters or curtains for separating the chamberthereof from the chamber in the preceding section, inasmuch as suchshutters are carried at the rear end of the latter. When twolongitudinal series of incubator-sections are thus arranged one abovethe other, the lower sides of the air-outlet conduits are formed by thesupport upon which the lower series rests, while the lower side of theair-outlet conduits of the upper series is formed by the tops of thesections of the lower series. Inasmuch as the temperature of the air towhich the eggcarrying trays are subjected must be varied at differenttimes during the incubating pcriod, the thermostatic switch in eachincubating-chamber which inc-loses each batch of eggs for one day is soad usted as to maintain this chamber at the temperature retpiired forthe i eggs at this particular stage of the incubating period. ifdesired, a sufficient number of sections may be employed in the upperand lower series so that complete incubation can be effected from thetime the egg-carrying trays are introduced into one end of each soriesto the time they reach the other end of f the same series. can beintroduced into the chamber of one end section through the openingthereof and In this case the egg-trays the trays and chicks removed fromthe correcubation proceeds from the time the eggs are introduced intothe upper front section to the time they are moved forwardlysuccessively \Yhen space does not permit of through the intermediatesections and reach 3 the upper rear section, and then the eggcarryingtrays are removed from the upper rear section and introduced into thechamber of the lower rear section and moved successively backwardthrough the several intermediate sections. A machine having eleven suchsuperposed pairs of sections would enable the incubation to be completedby one forward passage through the upper series and one rearward passagethrough the lower series. If a still smaller incubator is desired. thenumber of intermediate sections can be still further reduced, which,however, would necessitate more than one complete circuit of both seriesof chambers, the precise number of circuits depending upon the number ofsections employed. \Yhen incubation is thus effected partly in both theupper and lower series of chambers, the egg-traysare transferred fromone end chamber upon reaching that end of a series and placed in thecompanion end chamber of the other series for continuing incubation,this being possible owing to the openings in the end chambers.

The endless carrier shown in the drawings whereby the eggtrays are movedsuccessively through the incubating-chamhers comprises two chain belts Kl which are arranged side a by side and which move parallel around fixedsprocketavheels 11/ m at the front ends of the front chambers and in therear ends of the rear chambers, also around intermediate fixedsprocket-wheels a, arranged at the joints between the several sections,also around adjustable sprocket-wheels 0, arranged in the central partsof the chambers in the front, intermediate, and rear sections. Each pairof companion fixed sprocket-wheels is secured to a transverse shaft (Q,which is journaled in hearings on the front and rear side walls of therespective chambers. Each of the front sections supports the shafts ofone pair of front fixed sprocket-wheels and one pair of intermediatefixed sprocketavheels at its front and r air ends, respectively, eachintermediate section supports the shaft of a pair of intermediate fixeds rocket wheels at its rear end, and each rear section supports theshaft of a pair of rear fixed wheels at its rear end. The adjustablewheels in eachof the front, intermediate, and rear sections are eachmounted on a vertically-movable slide 1), which moves in a guideway onthe adjacent side wall of the respective chamber. Any suitable means maybe employed for effecting this adjustment, that shown in the drawingsconsisting of a screw p", which is capable of rotation only in theguideway and works in a threaded opening in the slide. The fixedsprocket-wheels of the upper chambers are arranged horizontally in line,or substantially so, and like wheels of the lower series of chambers arealso arranged horizontally in line. The adjustable wheels in theintermediate and front sections of both series of sections are arrangedout of line or offset from the fixed wheels, so as to produce adeflection in the adjacent parts of the chains passing around the same.The adjustable wheels in the front chambers are so arranged that theysupport the chains horizontally between the fixed wheels thereof andprevent downward deflection or sagging of these parts of the chainbelts. In the upper series of chambers the companion chain belts passhorizontally forward over the front fixed wheels and the first pair ofadjustable wheels 0 to the first pair of intermediate fixed wheels '11,thence downwardly at an inclination and around the adjustable wheels I)in the first intermediate chamber, thence upwardly at an inclination andaround the fixed wheels 1/ at the rear end of the first intermediatechamber, thence downwardly and upwardly around the fixed and adjustablewheels of the remaining intermediate sections, thence downwardly aroundthe adjustable wheels in the upper rear section, and thence over anddownwardly around the rearmost pairof fixed wheels //1 in therearchamber. 'llhat part of the chain belt in the lower series ofchambers first passes underneath the fixed pair of wheels m in therearmost chamber of this series, thence upwardly at an inclination overthe adjustable wheels 0 in this chamber, thence downwardly at aninclination underneath the fixed wheels at the rear end of theintermediate chamber next to the rearmost chamber, thence successivelyover the adjustable wheels and miderneath the fixed wheels of theremaining intermediate sections, whereby ITO an alternate upward anddownward deflection is produced in the belt, thence horizontallyunderneath the fixed wheels 01 Z, and over the adjustable wheel of thelower front section. In order to permit the chain belts to pass from thelower front section to the upper front section, the top and bottompartitions or walls of these chambers are provided in their front endswith openings 2*, which receive the vertical front portions of thesebelts. For the same purpose the rear sections of both series of chambersare provided in their horizontal top and bottom walls with openings 9'to perunit the rear vertical portion of the chain belts to pass from theupper rear chamber to the lower rear chamber. Each of the end chamhersis preferably provided with chain-openings in all of its horizontalmembers or walls, so as to permit of interchanging the chambers at oneend of the incubator and enable either one to be used at the top or thebottom. Those belt-openings in any one of the end sections which are notin service forthe passage of a belt are closed by means of plugs o asshown in Figs. 1 and 2. In the upper front section the adjustable wheels0 are arranged substantially in line with the adjacent fixed wheels inorder to adapt themselves to those portions of the belt which pass overthe adjacent fixed Wheels, and in the lower front section theadjustablewheels are arranged outof line with the adjacent fixed wheels, inasmuchas the corresponding parts of the chain belts pass around the undersides of the respective fixed wheels. The upper and lower front sections of the incubator are therefore identical in construction and theonly change necessary to adapt either of them for use as an upper orlower front section is to place the adjustable wheels into the requiredposition and insert plugs o into those openings which are not required,according as to whether the section is to be used in the upper or lowerseries of the incubator. The upper and lower intermediate sections arealso identical in construction, and

the same is true with reference to the upper and lower rear sections,the only requirement for adapting any one of the intermediate and rearsections for use either as an upper or a lower section being thereversal of the adjustable wheels on the front and rear side walls ofthe respective chambers in order to adapt them to the course which thebelt is required to take through the particular chamber. Any suitablemeans may be provided for holding the several sections in place afterbeing assembled. For instance, this may be effected by dowling thesections together, as shown by dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 2.

The egg-trays may be removably supported upon the endless carrier in anysuitable manner so as to follow the movements of the carrier- Thepreferred means for thus supporting the egg-trays on the carrier shownin the drawings are constructed as follows: At suitable intervals thetwo chain belts are connected by transverse supporting-rods s. Trepresents frames whereby the egg-carrying trays are supported uponthese rods. Each of these frames is of skeleton form and provided onopposite sides with hooks or seats 2/, whereby the same may bedetachably suspended upon a pair of adjacent supportingrods .9. On itsupper side the frame is provided with transverse guideways 25, whichreceive the tray and permit the same to he slid transversely off and onfrom the frame, but hold the tray against displacement in a directionlengthwise of the movement of the carrier. Each of the trays ispreferably provided with a plurality of individual rectangularpocketseach of which preferably has its bottom a constructed of flexiblematerial and adapted to receive a single egg.

in the operation of the incubator the carrier is advanced the extent ofone tray-space every twelve hours and a new frame and eggladen tray areplaced upon the carrier after the same has been thus advanced.Preparatory to the starting the incubation of a tray full of eggs aframe T is first placed upon a companion pair of supporting-rods in theupper front chamber and the egg-laden tray is then placed uponthisframe. As the trays move forward horizontally during the first stage ofincubation in the upper front chamber the eggs remain substantially inthe center of their respective pockets. As the tray enters the firstintermediate chamber and goes through the next half-day of incubationthe same is tilted downwardly at its front end, causing the eggs to rolltoward the front sides of the pockets. As the carrier is advancedanother step during the next half-day of incubation the tray is tiltedupwardly at its front or advancing end in the rear part of the firstintermediate chamber, thereby causing the eggs to roll toward the rearor trailing side of the pockets thereof. Each of thetrays is in likemanner tilted in opposite directions during its passage through each ofthe intermediate and rear sections of theincubator, therebyautomatically effecting the turning or shifting of the eggsperiodically, as required, to produce proper hatching of the eggs. Ifthe number of sections which are employed in the incubator is such thatthe incubation is not completed by the time the egg-trays pass in onedirection from one end of a-seri'es to the other, the trays and theirframes are removed from one end chamberand transferred to the adjacentend chamber of the other series for continuing the incubation in theopposite direction as long as may be necessary to hatch the eggs. As thetrays and theirframes pass from one chamber to another the fiexiblecurtains are deflected by the frames and trays engaging with the same,and after the frames and trays clear the curtains the latter, owing totheir resilience, again resume their normal position, in which their lnee-ting and opposing ends engage each other and form a 1 lamps with anelectric circuit, so that the closure between the respective chambers oni opposite sides of the same. To permit the i curtains to be readilydeflected by the frames and trays, the joint between thecurtain-sections is arranged substantially in line with the frames andtrays.

In order to permit of inspecting or candling the eggs, means areprovided on one or more of the sections for this purpose, which areconstructed as follows: As shown in Fig. 2, each of the rearmostintermediate sections 1) l) of the incubator is provided in its frontside wall, on opposite sides of the adjacent adjustable sprocket-wheel,with openings, which are normally closed by doors 1'. These doors arehinged at their lower ends to the adjacent front wall of the respectivesection and are provided at their lower ends with a series of electrictesting or inspection lamps V. Each of the trays has the flexiblebottoms of its pockets provided at one side thereof with an inspectionor testing opening H over which an adapted to rest when the tray istilted toward that side of the tray. When it is desired to inspect theeggs in a tray, one or the other of the doors w is opened into a hori-Zontal position, so that the lamps on the lower or inner part thereofproject upwardly, as shown in thenpper section of Figs. 2 and &. Uponnow withdrawing the tray from the respective frame each row of eggs maybe brought successively over the lamps below the same, so that bylooking at the eggs from the top the state of incubation of the same maybe determined by the light of the lamps shining upwardly through theeggs. As many lamps are preferably employed as there are longitudinalrows of eggs, and these lamps are so arranged that each egg in a row isilluminated by an individual lamp, thus permitting the entire row ofeggs to be inspected at one time without removing any of the eggs fromthe tray. By shifting the several rows of eggs successively over thetestinglamps all of the eggs in a tray can be inspected expeditiously,thereby reducing the time of exposure for inspection and increasing theoutput of the incubator in proportion, because the danger of spoilingeggs by inspection is reduced to a minimum. By providing two sets oflamps in the chamber of each inspecting-section, which are arrangedunderneath the oppositely-tilted trays therein, the eggs can beinspected in the trays regardless of whether the inspeeting-openings 1/"are arranged in the advancing side of the pockets or in the trailingside thereof, because in one position or the other the will be overopenings of the pockets while passing through the inspecting-chamber,thereby avoiding the necessity of exercising care in placing the traysupon the frames of the endless carrier. 1 A switch w is preferablyemployed for conl l l lamps may be turned on for use and turned out whennot required. Although the two iuspecting-sections are shown one abovethe other in front of the rearmost sections, these inspecting-sectionscan be placed wherever the size of the machine or other conditions mayrequire.

Various means may be employed for moving the endless carrier forward,that shown in the drawings consisting of a hand-crank (7, applied to theshaft of one pair of fixed sprocket-wheels, as shown in Figs. and Theendless carrier may be held in place by means of a pawl (1, mounted onone of the sections and engaging with a ratchet-wheel If, which ismounted on the driving-shaft adjacent to the hand-crank r].

In the modilication of the incubator shown in Figs. 8 and t) theincubator is organized with a single series, means are provided forheating the incubating-chamber exclusively by hot water, and the carrieris so constructed that the same moves back and forth through the sameseries of sections. In this construction a heating coil or radiator isprovided, one portion a of which is arranged vertically in the air-inletconduit E. while another portion :r is arranged horizontally in theupper part of the incubating-chamber. The hot water entering at thelower end of the lower portion of the coil passes upwardly through thesame, thence horizmitally through the upper portion, and then isdischarged to be again heated by any suitable means and again introducedinto the lower portion. The regulation of the temperature in theincubatingchamber when using ln'iating-coils in this manner is effectedby opening and closing a vent-port in the top of the inlet-conduit bymeans of a valve or damper ;1 This movement of the damper is effected bymeans of a rock-lever which is pivoted on top of the incubator and isconnected with the damper and a thermostat 1/ arranged in the upper partof the incubatingchamber and connected with the rock-lever. The endlesscarrier for propelling the trays and their frames in this constructionconsists of two chains li K, which move back and forth in the sameseries of chambers and pass around sprocket-wheels M, mounted on shaftsM, which are journaled in the chambers, the same being provided on theoutside of the incul. atingchamber with a hand-crank and a ratchet stopdevice similar to that shown in Figs. 3 and 5 of the double-seriesincubator. in this construction of incubator only one part of theendless carrier is active, while the other part is idle.

Ifdesired,the incubator may be heated solely by means of electricity,such an organization being shown in Fig. 10, in whichintermittently-burning electric lamps controlled by thermostats f, arearranged within the incudisconnecting each set of testinghating-chamber,and continuously-burning electric lamps 1 are arranged in the air-supplyconduits and permanently connected with the electric generator .It willbe noted that the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 6 is in all respectslike that shown in Fig. 10, except that the continuous heater in theair-inlet of the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 6 is composed of ahotwater coil, while in the construction shown in Fig. 10 the continuousheater consists of electric lamps, both constructions showingthermostatically-controlled electricheaters in the incubating-chamber.

My improved construction of incubator not only permits of hatching eggscontinuously on a large scale with a smaller percentage of loss than hasbeen possible heretofore, but also permits of manufacturing the same ata comparatively low cost on account of the identity of the sections.Furthermore, my improved construction of incubator enables the capacityof the incubator to be increased from time to time as necessitated bythe increase in the business of the poultry raiser without requiring areconstruction of the incubator and without causing any loss, inasmuchas there are no parts which have to be discarded when increasing thecapacity of the incubator.

I claim as my invention 1. An incubator con'iprising anincubatingchamber, and an upright air-supply conduit having an air-inletat its lower end ahd communicating at its upper end with the top of saidchamber, the outer wall of said conduit being adjustable laterally forvarying the airsupply, substantially as set forth.

2. An incubator comprising an incubatingchamber and an uprightair-supply conduit havingan air-inlet at its lower end and communicatingat its upper end with the top .of said chamber, the outer Wall of saidconduit being hinged at its upper end so that its lower part is movablelaterally for varying the air-supply and having means at its lower endfor holding the same in its adjusted position, substantially as setforth.

3. An incubator comprising an incubatingchamber, an upright airsupplyconduit having an air-inlet at its lower end and communicating at itsupper end with the top of the incuhating-chamber, and a heater arrangedin said air-supply conduit, substantially as set forth.

4:. An incubator comprising an incubating chamber, an upright air-supplyconduit having an air-inlet at its lower end and communicating at itsupper end with the top of the incubating-chamber, a heater arranged insaid chamber, a heater arranged in said conduit, and means forcontrolling one of said heaters, substantially set forth.

5. An incubator comprising an incubatingchamber, an upright air-supplyconduit having an air-inlet at its lower end and communicating at itsupper end with the top of the incubating-chamber, a continuous heaterarranged in said conduit. an electric heater arranged in theincuhating-chamber, and a thermostatic switch arranged in theincubatingchamber and opcratingto connect and disconnect the heater inthe incubating-ch amber with an electric generator, substantially as setforth.

6. An incubator comprising a chamber and means for heating the incubatorcomprising partly an electric heater and partly a radiator, a dynamoconnected with the electric heater, and an internal-combustion enginedriving said dynamo and having a water-jacket around its cylinder whichis connected with said radiator, substantially as set forth.

7. An incubator comprising a chamber, an air-inlet, and means forheating the incubator consisting of electric lamps and a thermostaticswitch arranged in said chamber, a dynamo connected with said lamps andswitch, a heating-coil arranged in said air-inlet, and aninternal-combustion engine driving said dynamo and having a water-jacketaround its cylinder which is connected with opposite ends of said coil,substantially as set forth.

8. An incubator comprising an incubatingchamber, an upright air-supplyconduit arranged on one side of the chamber and having its outer wallterminating short of the lower end of the incubator forming anair-inlet, an air-distributing conduit arranged above the chamber andconnected at one end with the upper end of the upright conduit andhaving perforations in its lower side for communication with the top ofsaid chamber, and an airdischarge conduit arranged horizontallyunderneath the incubating-chamber and having perforations in its upperside for communication with the bottom of the incubating-ehamber,substantially as set forth.

9. An incubator comprising an incubatingchamber, an upright air-supplyconduit arranged on one side of the chamber, an air-distributing conduitarranged above the chamber and connected at one end with the upper endof said upright, conduit, an air-discharge conduit arranged underneathsaid chamber and communicating at one end wit-h the atmosphere, andscreens arranged in said air distributing and discharge chambers,substantially as set forth.

10. An incubator comprising a plurality of incubating-chambers,individual heaters for said chambers, and an egg-tray carrier movablesuccessively through said chambers, substantially as set forth.

11. An incubator comprising a plurality of incubating-chambers, movableshutters which separate the chambers from each other, individual heatersfor said chambers, and an eggtray carrier movable successively throughsaid chambers, substantially as set forth.

12. An incubator comprising a plurality of ineubating-chambers. anegg-tray carrier I movable successively through said clnnnbers,individual heaters for said chambers, and shutters for separating saidchambers from each other and each consistingol. two flexible llaps whichhave their opposing ends engaging each other and arranged in the path ofsaid tray-carrier, substantially as set forth. l

1 An incubator comprisingfrontand rear i end sections and a pluralitv ofintermmliate l sectimis, each section containing an ineubat- 1ing-chamber, and an egg-tray carrier movi able successively through saidchambers, substantially as set forth.

t-t. .\n incubatorcomprising a frontsection having front and rear endwalls, a plurality of like intermediate sections each of which conjtains an i1icul ating-chamber and is closed at its rear end by a rearend wall while its front end is closed by abutting either against therear wall of the front section or the rear wall of the intermediatesection in front of the same. and an egg-tray carrier movable sucicessively through said chambers, substanl tially as set forth.

15. An incubator comprising a plurality of ineubatingchambers, anegg-tray carrier movable successively throughsaid chambers, and meansfor tilting said carrier and the trays supported thereby in oppositedirections, substantially as set forth.

It. An incubator comprising a plurality of incubating-chambers, chainbelts movable successively through said chambers, egg-trays carried bysaid belts, and wheels supporting said belts and arranged to tilt thebelts and the trays supported thereby in opposite di rectiolis,substantialf as set forth.

1T. An incubator comprising a plurality of incubatingchambers, a pair ofchain belts movable parallel through said chambers, eggtrays supportedupon said belts, a plurality of lixed wheels around which said beltspass, and a plurality of adjustable wheels alternating with the fixedwheel and supporting the belts so that the same and the 'trays carriedthereby tilt alternately in opposite directions, substantially as setforth.

18. An incubator comprising a front section, a rear section and apiurality of intermediate sections, each containing anincubating-chamber, a pair of fixed wheels mounted on shafts journaledin hearings at the front and rear of the chamber in said front section,a pair of fixed wheels mounted on a shaftjournaled in bearings at therear of the chamber in said rear section. a pair of lixed wheels mountedon a shaft journalcd at the rear of the chamber in each of saidintermediate sections, a pair of adjustable wheels mounted in thecentral part of the chamber of each front, intermediate and rearsection, chain belts passing around said wheels. and egg-trays supportedon said belts, substantially as set forth.

19. An incubator comprisingan incubatingchamber, a tray arranged in saidchamber and having a pluralitv of individual egg-pockets, and means fortilting said tray alternately in opposite directions. substantially asset forth.

2b. Anincubatorcomprising-anincubatingchamber, a tray arranged in saidchamber and having a plurality of individual egg-pockets, each providedwith a flexible bottom, and means for tilting said tray alternately inopposite directions, substantially as set forth.

21. An incubator comprising an incubatingchambcr, a tray arranged insaid chamber and having a plurality of individual eggpocl ets eachprovided in its bottom with an opening over which the egg is adapted torest. and an illuminating device arranged below said tray, substantiallyas set forth.

22. Anincubatorcomprisinganincubatingchamber, a tray arranged in saidchamber and having a plurality of individual egg-pockets each providednear one side of its bottom with an opening over which an egg is adaptedto rest, means for tilting the tray, and an illuminating device arrangedbelow said tray, substantially as set forth.

23. An incubatorcomprisiuganincubatingchamber, a tray arranged in saidchamber and having a plurality of individual egg-pockets each having aflexible bottom which is pro vided near one side with an opening overwhich an egg is adapted to rest, means for tilting the tray, and anilluminating device arranged below the tray, substantially as set forth.

24. An incubator comprising an incubatingchamber having an opening inits side which is normally closed by a door, a support arranged in saidchamber, an egg-tray which is provided with openings underneath the eggsand which is movable from said support laterally through said opening inthe chamber, and an illuminating device arranged to illuminate the spacebelow the path of the egg-tray, substantially as set forth.

Anincubatorcomprisinganincubatingchamber having an opening in its side,a door normally closing said opening and hinged at its lower end to thechamber so that the same can be shifted into a horizontal position, asupport arranged in said chamber, an eggtray having openings in itsbottom over which the are adapted to rest and movable from said supportlaterally through said side opening of the chamber, and electric lampsarranged on the lower part of said door in position to be movedunderneath the lateral path of the tray when the door is opened,substantially as set forth.

26. An incubatorcomprising a plurality of incubating-chambers, anendless carrier movable through said chambers, frames mounted on saidcarrier, and egg-trays removably supported on said frames, substantiallyas set forth.

27. An incubator comprising a plurality of incubating-chambers, a pairof endless chain belts movable parallel through said chambers,transverse supporting-rods connecting said belts at intervals, skeletonframes provided at their tops with transverse guideways and on oppositesides with hooks for engaging with two adjacent supporting-rods, and eggtrays supported in the ways of said frames, substantially as set forth.

'28. An incubator comprising an upper and a lower horizontal series ofincubating-chainbers, an endless carrier constructed to move forwardlythrough one series of chambers and backwardly through the other seriesof chambers, and egg-trays adapted to be supported on said carrier,substantially as set forth.

29. An incubator comprising an upper series of sections and a lowerseries of sections, each section containing an incubating-chamber, anendless carrier consisting of chain belts which pass horizontallyforward through one series of sections, thence vertically through thesections at one end of both series, thence horizontally backward throughthe other series of sections, and thence vertically through the sectionsat the other end of both series, and egg-trays supported on saidcarrier, substantially as set forth.

30. An incubator comprising a pluralityof sections which are identicalin construction and interchangeable and each of which contains anincubating-chamber, and means for supporting an egg-tray within thechamber, substantially as set forth.

31. An incubator comprising a plurality of sections each of whichcontains an incubatingchamber, means for supporting an egg-tray withinsaid chamber, and an upright air-supply conduit having an air-inlet atits lower end and communicating at its upper end with the top of saidchamber, the outer wall of said conduit being adjustable laterally forvarying the air-supply, substantially as set forth.

32. An incubator comprising a plurality of sections some of which areidentical in construction and interchangeable and each of which containsan incubating-chamber, means for supporting an egg-tray Within thechamber, an upright air-supply conduit having an air-inlet at its lowerend and communicating at its upper end with the top of theincubatingchamber, and a heater arranged in said airsupply conduit,substantially as set forth.

33. An incubator comprising a plurality of sections each of whichcontains an incubatingchamber, means for supporting an egg-tray withinthe chamber, an upright air-supply conduit having an air-inlet at itslower end and communicating atits upper end with the top of theincubating-chamber, a heater arranged in said chamber, a heater arrangedin said conduit, and means for controlling one of said heaters and meansfor detachably connecting said sections, substantially as set forth.

\Vitncss my hand this 28th day of December, 1904.

FRANK CLINTON PERKINS.

Witnesses:

THEO. L. Porr, E. M. GRAHAM.

